NR5A2 promotes malignancy progression and mediates the effect of cisplatin in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.

INTRODUCTION: Nuclear receptor subfamily five group A member two (NR5A2) plays a key role in the development of many tumor types, while it is uncertain in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). The aim of this work was to determine the role of NR5A2 in cSCC proliferation, and to determine whether NR5A2 mediates the effect of cisplatin in cSCC. METHODS: We performed a systematic study of existing data and conducted a preliminary bioinformatics analysis of NR5A2 expression in cSCC using bioinformatics databases. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on cSCC tissues of seven patients to study NR5A2 expression. NR5A2 expression was examined in human keratin-forming cells (HaCaT) and human cSCC cells (A431, Colo-16, SCL-1, SCL-2, and HSC-5). Stable A431 and SCL-2 cell lines consisting of sh-RNA-NR5A2 were constructed to detect changes in cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and to determine the key proteins in the Wnt/ß-catenin pathway. We also investigated changes in the effects of cisplatin on cSCC cells by CCK-8, clone formation assay, and Flow apoptosis assay after NR5A2 knockdown. RESULTS: NR5A2 showed enhanced expression in cSCC tissues than in healthy tissues. Downregulation of NR5A2 in cSCC cells led to the formation of a less malignant phenotype. In contrast, the proliferative capacity of the cSCC cells was enhanced posttreatment with RJW100, an NR5A2 agonist. Additionally, NR5A2 knockdown led to a decrease in the expression level of the proteins in the Wnt/ß-catenin pathway, and this inhibition was reversed by LiCl and recombinant antibody, Wnt3a. Moreover, NR5A2 knockdown resulted in diminished proliferative capacity and increased apoptotic cells after the addition of cisplatin. CONCLUSION: NR5A2 plays a crucial role in the progression of cSCC, and the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway may be involved in the regulation of NR5A2-mediated cSCC. Knockdown of NR5A2 enhanced both the proliferation inhibiting and apoptosis promoting effects of cisplatin on cSCC.

Transcriptome alterations in chicken HD11 cells with steady knockdown and overexpression of RIPK2 gene.

Receptor interacting protein kinase 2 (RIPK2) is involved in a variety of signaling pathway to produce a series of inflammatory cytokines in response to a diverse of bacterial, viral and protozoal pathogens. However, the underlying regulating of RIPK2 remain unknown. Transcriptome alterations in chicken HD11 cells following RIPK2 overexpression or silencing by shRNA were analyzed by next-generation sequencing. Both overexpression and knockdown of the RIPK2 gene caused wide-spread changes in gene expression in chicken HD11 cells. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) caused by altered RIPK2 gene expression were associated with multiple biological processes linked with biological regulation, response to stimulus, cell communication, and signal transduction etc. KEGG analysis revealed that many of the DEGs were enriched in VEGF signaling pathway, ECM-receptor interaction, Focal adhesion, TGF-beta signaling pathway etc. Moreover, we show that initiation genes, TGFB1 and TGFB3, in the TGF-beta signaling pathway are biological targets regulated by RIPK2 in chicken HD11 cells. This is the first transcriptome-wide study in which RIPK2-regulated genes in chicken cells have been screened. Our findings elucidate the molecular events associated with RIPK2 in chicken HD11 cells.

Correlation Study Between Plasma Level of Pro-protein Convertase Subtilisin Kexin Type 9 and Coronary Artery Calcification / 中国循环杂志

Objective: To investigate the relationship between plasma level of pro-protein convertase subtilisin kexin type9 (PCSK9) and coronary artery calcification (CAC). Methods: A total of 380 consecutive chest pain patients without lipid-lowering therapy were enrolled. All patients received CT scan and coronary artery calcification (CAC) score measurement and were divided into 2 groups: CAC group, n=156 patients with CAC score>0 and Non-CAC group, n=224 patients with CAC score=0. CAC group was further classified in 3 subgroups as CAC score (1-100) subgroup, n=53, CAC score (101-400) subgroup, n=64 and CAC score>400 subgroup, n=39. Clinical data was collected, plasma levels of PCSK9 were measured in all patients and the relationship between PCSK9 and CAC score was investigated. Results: Plasma PCSK9 level in CAC group was higher than Non-CAC group (260.23±69.34) ng/ml vs (205.46±53.21) ng/ml, P<0.001; alone with CAC score increasing, PCSK9 level was elevating accordingly as in CAC score (1-100) subgroup, CAC score (101-400) subgroup and CAC score>400 subgroup, PCSK9 levels were (247.38±72.68) ng/ml, (264.87±57.63) ng/ml and (295.33±69.06) ng/ml respectively, all P<0.05. With adjusted traditional cardiovascular risk factors, multivariate regression analysis confirmed that plasma PCSK9 level was independently related to CAC score (β=0.584, P=0.002). In addition, the optimal cut-off value for PCSK9 predicting CAC was 228.58 ng/ml with sensitivity at 67% and specificity at 71%. Conclusion: Plasma PCSK9 level was related to CAC in chest pain patients without lipid-lowering therapy.

Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of pH-sensitive PEG-I-dC16 block polymer micelles for anticancer drug delivery.

OBJECTIVES: To develop an acid trigger release of antitumour drug delivery carriers, pH-sensitive amphiphilic poly (ethyleneglycol)-imine-benzoic-dipalmitate (PEG-I-dC16 ) polymers were designed and synthesized and the drug-loaded micelles were evaluated in vitro. METHODS: PEG-I-dC16 synthesized by Schiff base synthetic method and characterized by (1) H-NMR. To determine the drug-loading capacity, doxorubicin (DOX) was encapsulated in the micelles using membrane dialysis method. Zeta potential, particle size, drug-loading capacity, in vitro drug release in different pH conditions and cytotoxicity evaluation of micelles were carried out comparing with non-acid liable PEG-amide-benzoic-dipalmitate (PEG-A-dC16) polymers micelles. The cellular uptake and intracellular distribution of DOX were detected by flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscope. KEY FINDINGS: Drug-loading capacity and encapsulation efficiency of micelle (PEG molecular weight 2k) were 12.7 ± 1.1% and 49.8 ± 2.2%, respectively. The average particle size was 72.3 ± 2.5 nm. The DOX release rate of PEG-I-dC16 micelles is much higher at pH 6.5 than at pH 7.4. DOX cellular uptake and nuclear accumulation of PEG-I-dC16 micelles were more efficiency than that of PEG-A-dC16 micelles. CONCLUSION: The pH-sensitive PEG-I-dC16 micelles could be a promising drug delivery system for anticancer drugs.

Study on lipolysis-oxidation and volatile flavour compounds of dry-cured goose with different curing salt content during production.

The effect of dry-curing salt content (4% low salt (LS), 8% high salt (HS)) on lipolysis, lipid oxidation and volatile compounds in dry-cured goose was investigated in our study. The activities of acid lipase and neutral lipase increased during dry-curing, while phospholipase reached its maximum at the end of marinating. Lipoxygenase (LOX) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) values increased during dry-curing and marinating then decreased during dry-ripening. Total free fatty acids (TFFA) increased at dry-curing and dry-ripening points and decreased during marinating. Total peak area of lipids derived volatile compounds (TPALDVC) and total peak area increased during entire stages. Compared to LS, HS group has higher lipolytic and LOX activities, TBARS, TFFA, unsaturated fatty acids and TPALDVC. The higher TPALDVC in HS could be attributed to higher lipid hydrolysis and oxidation during processing.

The small world networks property and cognitive function in the frontal low-grade glioma patients:a preand-postoperative fMRI study / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the property of brain functional networks and cognitive function changes in patients with frontal lobe low-grade gliomas (LGG).Methods 8 cases of suspected frontal lobe LGG patients were undergone with resting-fMRI scanning to analyze the small-world property of the LGG,meanwhile the LGG groups had Montreal (MoCA) cognitive score exam compared with the control group.Results The value of MoCA was 22.5 ± 1.5,21.8 ± 2.0,and 27.9 ± 2.1 respectively with statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05) in the LGG groups and the control groups.The LGG group cognitive score was significantly lower than that in the control group with statistical significance (P＜ 0.05).As to threshold,the two groups were consistent with the small world property.The LGG local efficiency was smaller than that of the controls,the postoperative small world properties (σ=2.49) were lower than that the pre-operative (σ =2.68),the largest brain function areas of preoperative information transmission were respectively the supramarginal gyrus,posterior cingulate,insula,and the postoperative being the precuneus,calcarine sulcus and superior frontal gyrus.The maximum cluster coefficient of the preoperative functional network were respectively the entorhinal cortex,transverse temporal gyrus and the calcarine sulcus,and postoperative were Wilson,transverse temporal gyri and occipital gyrus.Preoperative information transmission path was less than the postoperative,and the small world properties were positively correlated with MoCA.Conclusion LGG accompany by the changes of cognitive function,and with the small world network property preand post-operation.

Innovating teaching mode of ideological and political theory course in higher vocational school / 中华医学教育探索杂志

The traditional indoctrination typed teaching mode restricts students' subjective initiative,not conducive to the cultivation of students' practical ability and improvement of the comprehensive qualities.Innovating teaching mode of ideological and political theory course in higher vocational school is the objective requirements of higher vocational school.The innovation was made in teaching concept,organizational form of teaching,teaching contents,teaching methods,teaching means and teaching evaluation.

Determination of Arsenic and Its Species in Dry Seafood by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry / 分析化学

Arsenic and its species in dry seafood products(DSPs) Kelp, Sargassum fusiform, Laver, Enteromorpha prolifera, were systematically determined by high performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(HPLC-ICP-MS). It was found that the of arsenic species in botanic DSPs are three unknown arsenicals(U_2, U_3 and U_4), which are speculated as arsenosugars and take approximate 63.5% 92.7% of all arsenic species detected. These arsenosugars were indentified as dimethylarsinic(DMA)-glycerol ribose, DMA-phosphate ribose and DMA-sulfate ribose by their accuracy molecular weight 329.0599, 483.0738 and 409.0162, using direct confirmatory of HPLC-TOF-MS. The quantitative analysis of these arsenic species shows that although the total arsenic exceeds the National Standard value, most of the marine plants DSPs are safe to eat. The main component in most marine plants is DMA-sulfate ribose(51.1%-80.3%), while the main component of Kelp is DMA-phosphate ribose(48.9%). The sum of those three arsenosugars was 63.5%-92.7% of peak areas in all arsenic species detected.

Effect of the functional balance of peritoneal macrophages on clearing retrograded endometrial cells in the mouse model / 基础医学与临床

Objectives To determine the effect of functional balance of peritoneal macrophages on clearing retrograded endometrial cells,the remains and progression of which are preconditions of endometriosis.Methods Homogenous murine endometrial cells were injected into the peritoneal cavities of Swiss Webster mice and nude mice.Macrophages were measured at the 48 hours.It was followed by the administration of the isolated epithelial and stromal cells into the peritoneal cavities of mice.The numbers of recruited macrophages,gene expression of(MCP-1,)IL-1 ?,IL-6 in macrophages were detected at 4,24,and 72 h.The macrophages was identified by immunostaining with CD68 antibody.The activity of the scavenger receptors(SR-A1),which are present in differentiated macrophages and are absent in monocytes,was determined by fluorescence microscopy.Results The intraper-itoneal administration of endometrial cells increased the number of peritoneal macrophages.The 24-hour point is the peak time of recruitment of macrophages and gene expressions of MCP-1/JE and IL-1?.The differentiated macrophages collected from Swiss Webster mice expressed scavenger receptors(SR-A1) stronger than cells from nude mice.Conclusion The retrograde menstruation could account for the increased presence of inflammatory mediators in the peritoneal cavity of women with endometriosis.Maintenance of the functional balance of recruited macrophages by the administration of endometrial cells between scavenger and cytokine secretion might be necessary to clear retrograded endometrial cells effectively and to further disrupt the progress of endometriosis.

The first case of Kala -azar in Vietnam

Female patient, 29 age, married, lives in Ha Long. Admitted of hospital 16/03/2001. Reason for admitted hospital: prolonged fever symtoms: splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, enlargement of the lymph glands, anemia, purpura. Investigation: thrombocytopenia, hypohemoglobin, hyperglobulin, HIV positive. Hypermacrophages were indentidied by microsscopy in the bone marrow smear: parasites in macrophages look like Amastigote of Leishmania parasites in the atlas (the morphology of human blood cells- abbott laboratories). Born marrow cultured in NNN medium: identidied promastigote. Diagnosis: visceral Leishmaniaxsis. It was confirmed by Karolinska hospital of Sweden, China, Singapore, Australia. This is first case indentified in Vietnam

Function of peritoneal mesothelial cells on the microenvironment by administration of endometrial cells / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To determine the function of peritoneal mesothelial cells on the inflammatory microenvironment by administration of endometrial cells,and further define the pathogenesis of endometriosis.METHODS:Homogenous mouse endometrial epithelial and stromal cells were injected into the peritoneal cavities of Swiss Webster mice.After 4,24,and 72 h,a number of endpoints evaluated:protein concentrations of cytokine MCP-1,IL-1 ?,IL-6 in peritoneal lavage and gene expressions of MCP-1,IL-1 ?,IL-6 in peritoneal mesothelial cells and macrophages.RESULTS:The intraperitoneal administration of endometrial cells increased the protein expressions of cytokines in the peritoneal lavage of the recipient mice,which increased at 4-hour points and subsequently decreased with time.Gene expressions of cytokines in peritoneal mesothelial cells paralleled with the protein quantities in peritoneal lavage.The peak time of gene expression of cytokines in peritoneal macrophages was at the 24-hour point.The endometrial epithelial cells stimulated stronger inflammatory responses in the peritoneal cavity than the endometrial stromal cells.CONCLUSION:The recipient mice have a non-specific inflammatory response to the presence of endometrial cells in the peritoneal cavity.Mesothelial cells may be the targets of early inflammatory stress initiated in the presence of endometrial cells.

Effect of promoting cellular cholesterol efflux on the apoptosis of foam cells derived from monocytes / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM: To determine the effect of promoting cellular cholesterol efflux on the apoptosis of foam cells derived from monocytes. METHODS: RAW264.7 cells were incubated with 50 mg/L ox-LDL as a foam cell mode. The apoptosis rate of RAW264.7 cells was assayed by flow cytometry. Cellular lipid droplet was assayed by oil red staining. The rate of cellular cholesterol efflux was assayed with [~3H] label cholesterol, and the content of cellular cholesterol were assayed by high performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: After incubation with 50 mg/L ox-LDL for 48 h, the content of cellular cholesterol ester increased from (6.8?3.6) mg/g to (101.7?4.5) mg/g (P